Analytical analyses
To look at contacts anywhere between diet and heart attack, we utilized Cox proportional risks patterns stratified from the years (mo) and you may realize-right up cycle in order to imagine RRs and you may 95% CIs. People had been divided into quintiles of cumulative mediocre consumption off magnesium, potassium, and you will calcium to reduce the within-individual version and greatest portray a lot of time-term intake ( 18). A mixed nutrient diet rating from magnesium, potassium, and you may calcium was basically computed by assigning items to each quintile and summing the fresh new points. Participants from the lower quintile (quintile step 1) out of magnesium, potassium, or calcium intake obtained step one area each nutrient, users next quintile (quintile 2) gotten dos affairs, and so on. Sapiosexual dating online Cumulative averages have been determined by firmly taking new suggest of all the reported FFQ consumption up to the start of each dos-y realize-up period. The latest cumulative mediocre consumption was used so you can expect coronary attack occurrence away from committed of history returned survey before the second follow-up course.
Multivariate activities have been adjusted to own years (mo) and you may schedule date (2-y big date menstruation) and integrated consumption out-of total opportunity (kcal), alcohol (g/d), tobacco cigarette, Body mass index, physical exercise, parental reputation of early myocardial infarction, postmenopausal hormone procedures have fun with, thiazide play with, aspirin fool around with, multi vitamin play with, and you may reputation of all forms of diabetes, hypertension, and hypercholesterolemia at the standard. To test to own good linear pattern, i assigned each quintile the fresh new average worth and modeled this varying because an ongoing changeable. I checked-out the potential departure from linearity by using a probabilities ratio attempt getting review off a model on the linear label having a model including the linear identity in addition to restricted cubic spline changes ( 19). We as well as used analyses that integrated all of the step 3 vitamins while doing so. Magnesium and you may potassium consumption was extremely synchronised (roentgen = 0.79 about NHS I; roentgen = 0.73 throughout the NHS II), and you can correlations anywhere between calcium and potassium intakes (r = 0.44 regarding NHS We; roentgen = 0.41 on the NHS II), while ranging from calcium and you may magnesium intakes (r = 0.54 regarding NHS I; roentgen = 0.56 regarding NHS II) were reasonable. The latest Q attempt was used to evaluate with the heterogeneity anywhere between the new NHS I and you will NHS II. RRs (±SEs) for each quintile off for each cohort was pooled inside the repaired-consequences models to help you determine summary prices ( 20). Similarly, the new upgraded meta-investigation then followed fundamental routine ( 20) away from analysis to own heterogeneity with the Q test and having fun with fixed effects model to produce summation estimates whenever no ranging from-knowledge heterogeneity is evident; if not a haphazard-outcomes model was applied.
To examine the potential effect modification of the association between dietary minerals and stroke risk by age, hypertension, and diabetes, we stratified our multivariate model on age (<60 compared with ?60 y), hypertension (yes compared with no), and diabetes (yes compared with no) and separately tested the significance of an interaction by using a likelihood ratio test for the comparison of the model with interaction terms to the model with only main effects. All P values were 2-sided, and analyses were conducted with SAS 9.2 software (SAS Institute Inc.).
Results
Throughout 31 y out-of pursue-up from 1980 through 2010 on NHS We and you will 22 y from go after-up out of 1989 courtesy 2011 from the NHS II, a maximum of 3780 incident heart attack times was ascertained. Of these cases, 3237 event shots was noted from the NHS We (also 1664 ischemic, 544 hemorrhagic, and you can 1029 unspecified strokes), and you will 543 incident shots was in fact recorded about NHS II (including 186 ischemic, ninety five hemorrhagic, and you will 265 unspecified shots). Age-standardized characteristics out-of data members from the midpoint while in the follow-upwards in 1994 to the NHS I along with 1995 to own the fresh new NHS II are shown in Table 1. Lady with high mineral intake was in fact likely to have fun with aspirin, nutrients, and postmenopausal hormone medication, more yourself effective, less likely to want to end up being newest cigarette smokers than simply was female which have straight down nutrient consumption. Research for ladies about NHS I and NHS II was shared because we don’t to see a significant between-research heterogeneity (Q-fact P > 0.05).
